废旧轮胎在新型柔性拦石墙结构中的应用与数值分析

废旧轮胎作为新型柔性拦石墙结构的重要组成部分,研究其组成材料及抗冲击性能具有重要意义。采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,以子午线轮胎175/70R14为基础,建立了废旧轮胎和刚性拦石墙上添加废旧轮胎前后的有限元模型,分别考察了2种情况下刚性拦石墙所受落石冲击力的大小,研究了废旧轮胎各部分材料的耗能特点。数值分析表明:废旧轮胎吸能作用明显,能够有效地减缓落石对刚性拦石墙的冲击,并显著提高新型柔性拦石墙的防护能力。     

应急器材柔性采购定价建模与求解

由于当前应急器材储备依然存在“多储”或“少储”风险,为提高储备效益,以企业经济效益与军队采购成本为优化目标,提出了应急器材柔性采购策略。通过建立企业储备策略与军队采购定价最优化模型,求解得到了在不同战争爆发概率及器材现货市场价格区间等外部环境因素下的军队最佳柔性定价及对应的企业最优储备策略,并通过实例分析验证了得出的决策结论。结果表明,最优策略的实施将有利于军队与企业共担应急器材数量储备风险。     

基于MADM组合赋权的防空武器系统机动能力评估

针对防空武器系统机动能力评估问题不确定多属性决策的特点,提出一种基于MADM组合赋权的武器系统机动能力评估方法。构建了防空武器系统机动能力评估指标体系,给出了指标权重不相容情况下如何寻找并剔除疵点权重的方法。在此基础上,建立了一种基于区间估计解决武器系统机动能力评估问题的数学模型。最后通过实例分析验证,该方法评估结果准确,能有效减小误差,对指挥员科学决策具有一定的参考价值。     

Optimal control of noncollaborative servers in two‐stage tandem queueing systems

We consider two‐stage tandem queueing systems with dedicated servers in each station and a flexible server that is trained to serve both stations. We assume no arrivals, exponential service times, and linear holding costs for jobs present in the system. We study the optimal dynamic assignment of servers to jobs assuming a noncollaborative work discipline with idling and preemptions allowed. For larger holding costs in the first station, we show that (i) nonidling policies are optimal and (ii) if the flexible server is not faster than the dedicated servers, the optimal server allocation strategy has a threshold‐type structure. For all other cases, we provide numerical results that support the optimality of threshold‐type policies. Our numerical experiments also indicate that when the flexible server is faster than the dedicated server of the second station, the optimal policy may have counterintuitive properties, which is not the case when a collaborative service discipline is assumed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 435–446, 2014     

C4ISR系统仿真测试技术

网络化扩大了C4ISR系统的边界,赋予了系统更多的资源、更强的能力和灵活性,但也给C4ISR系统研究、开发和测试评估等带来了困难。有必要研究设计适应网络化C4ISR系统的仿真测试技术,为网络化C4ISR系统的总体设计、核心能力测试与评估提供技术支撑。本文基于网络中心化仿真的技术体制,设计了C4ISR系统仿真测试环境的系统体系结构,给出系统运行模式,并详述了仿真模型描述规范、信息按需分发与共享、仿真模型开发等系统建设中的关键技术问题。研究成果已在实际仿真测试环境开发中得到应用。     

Stochastic production capacity: A bane or a boon for quick response supply chains?

The quick response (QR) system that can cope with demand volatility by shortening lead time has been well studied in the literature. Much of the existing literature assumes implicitly or explicitly that the manufacturers under QR can always meet the demand because the production capacity is always sufficient. However, when the order comes with a short lead time under QR, availability of the manufacturer's production capacity is not guaranteed. This motivates us to explore QR in supply chains with stochastic production capacity. Specifically, we study QR in a two-echelon supply chain with Bayesian demand information updating. We consider the situation where the manufacturer's production capacity under QR is uncertain. We first explore how stochastic production capacity affects supply chain decisions and QR implementation. We then incorporate the manufacturer's ability to expand capacity into the model. We explore how the manufacturer determines the optimal capacity expansion decision, and the value of such an ability to the supply chain and its agents. Finally, we extend the model to the two-stage two-ordering case and derive the optimal ordering policy by dynamic programming. We compare the single-ordering and two-ordering cases to generate additional managerial insights about how ordering flexibility affects QR when production capacity is stochastic. We also explore the transparent supply chain and find that our main results still hold.     

抽鞭现象研究综述

介绍了抽鞭现象的理论与试验研究情况,着重介绍了试验研究结果及抽鞭过程的能量方法与动量方法,以及近年来抽鞭过程理论研究的最新进展,总结出抽鞭现象的一般特点及影响因素,并指出抽鞭现象与大型柔性结构中存在的部分现象如大型伞伞衣顶部抽打、空中加油机软管的摆动等存在相似性,对抽鞭现象的研究有助于深化对该类现象的机理认识。     

挠性卫星姿态的模糊神经控制

在卫星的姿态控制领域里,智能控制技术得到越来越多的关注。把模糊神经控制引入到挠性卫星姿态稳定控制中,给出了详尽的实现方法,并推导了模糊神经网络的自学习算法。由于在模糊神经控制器中规则参数初值的确定吸收利用了经验知识,故提高了模糊神经控制器的在线学习速度。仿真结果表明:该控制算法通过在线学习能有效地克服挠性卫星的不确定性,具有较强的鲁棒性,从而可实现较高精度的卫星姿态控制。     

舰机协同防空体系网络化效应分析

针对舰机海上协同防空作战体系网络化效应难以度量的问题,提出舰机协同组网概念,建立舰机协同组网网络环模型。将舰机协同防空区域进行划分,通过核心子网络在不同防空区域的转移以及邻接矩阵Perron-Frobenius特征值(PFE)的计算,分析了舰机协同防空体系的网络化效应。该分析方法简单,将其应用在舰机协同防空体系网络化效应分析是有效的。     

柔性长鳍仿生装置波动控制技术

以“尼罗河魔鬼”柔性长鳍的波动运动为背景,主要研究了柔性长鳍仿生装置的波动控制技术。首先研究了柔性长鳍推进波产生原理及其技术实现方案;其次,针对仿生装置的实际系统建立了鳍面运动学模型,从中提取了能够实现柔性长鳍多种波动模式的波动控制参数,并对柔性长鳍几种特定波动模式的实现方法进行了仿真研究;进一步,根据仿生装置的物理约束条件提出了控制参数的合法性判据;最后,研究了柔性长鳍仿生装置的波动控制策略及其控制流程。研究结果表明柔性长鳍仿生装置通过合理设置控制参数能够模拟仿生对象的多种波动运动模式,并实现推进波的多参数控制,能够满足柔性长鳍多种波动参数下的非定常流体动力学测试的需要。